FOD is damage attributed to a foreign object (i.e. any object that is not part of the vehicle, machinery or mechanical system) that can be expressed in a physical or economic terms and “may or may not” degrade the products required safety or performance characteristics. FOD is an abbreviation often used in Aviation but is now being used in many other manufacturing fields such as Automotive, Marine, PCB and Medical just to name a few.
A quick example of a FOD object maybe a screw or bolt that has been left behind from a previous build and has somehow fallen into the new build causing physical damage.